ERC1155について非エンジニアでもわかるように概要から実装まで1から丁寧にわかりやすく解説

function safeTransferFrom(address _from, address _to, uint256 _id, uint256 _value, bytes calldata _data) external;

function safeBatchTransferFrom(address _from, address _to, uint256[] calldata _ids, uint256[] calldata _values, bytes calldata _data) external;

function balanceOf(address _owner, uint256 _id) external view returns (uint256);

function balanceOfBatch(address[] calldata _owners, uint256[] calldata _ids) external view returns (uint256[] memory);

function setApprovalForAll(address _operator, bool _approved) external;

function isApprovedForAll(address _owner, address _operator) external view returns (bool);

event TransferSingle(address indexed _operator, address indexed _from, address indexed _to, uint256 _id, uint256 _value);

event TransferBatch(address indexed _operator, address indexed _from, address indexed _to, uint256[] _ids, uint256[] _values);

event ApprovalForAll(address indexed _owner, address indexed _operator, bool _approved);

event URI(string _value, uint256 indexed _id);

function onERC1155Received(address _operator, address _from, uint256 _id, uint256 _value, bytes calldata _data) external returns(bytes4);

function onERC1155BatchReceived(address _operator, address _from, uint256[] calldata _ids, uint256[] calldata _values, bytes calldata _data) external returns(bytes4);

function uri(uint256 _id) external view returns (string memory);

{
    "title": "Token Metadata",
    "type": "object",
    "properties": {
        "name": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Identifies the asset to which this token represents"
        },
        "decimals": {
            "type": "integer",
            "description": "The number of decimal places that the token amount should display - e.g. 18, means to divide the token amount by 1000000000000000000 to get its user representation."
        },
        "description": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Describes the asset to which this token represents"
        },
        "image": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "A URI pointing to a resource with mime type image/* representing the asset to which this token represents. Consider making any images at a width between 320 and 1080 pixels and aspect ratio between 1.91:1 and 4:5 inclusive."
        },
        "properties": {
            "type": "object",
            "description": "Arbitrary properties. Values may be strings, numbers, object or arrays."
        }
    }
}

{
	"name": "Asset Name",
	"description": "Lorem ipsum...",
	"image": "https:\/s3.amazonaws.com﹑/your-bucket Filter/images﹑/{id}.png",
	"properties": {
		"simple_property": "example value",
		"rich_property": {
			"name": "Name",
			"value": "123",
			"display_value": "123 Example Value",
			"class": "emphasis",
			"css": {
				"color": "#ffffff",
				"font-weight": "bold",
				"text-decoration": "underline"
			}
		},
		"array_property": {
			"name": "Name",
			"value": [1,2,3,4],
			 "class": "emphasis"
		}
} } }

{
    "title": "Token Metadata",
    "type": "object",
    "properties": {
        "name": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Identifies the asset to which this token represents",
        },
        "decimals": {
            "type": "integer",
            "description": "The number of decimal places that the token amount should display - e.g. 18, means to divide the token amount by 1000000000000000000 to get its user representation."
        },
        "description": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Describes the asset to which this token represents"
        },
        "image": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "A URI pointing to a resource with mime type image/* representing the asset to which this token represents. Consider making any images at a width between 320 and 1080 pixels and aspect ratio between 1.91:1 and 4:5 inclusive."
        },
        "properties": {
            "type": "object",
            "description": "Arbitrary properties. Values may be strings, numbers, object or arrays.",
        },
        "localization": {
            "type": "object",
            "required": ["uri", "default", "locales"],
            "properties": {
                "uri": {
                    "type": "string",
                    "description": "The URI pattern to fetch localized data from. This URI should contain the substring `{locale}` which will be replaced with the appropriate locale value before sending the request."
                },
                "default": {
                    "type": "string",
                    "description": "The locale of the default data within the base JSON"
                },
                "locales": {
                    "type": "array",
                    "description": "The list of locales for which data is available. These locales should conform to those defined in the Unicode Common Locale Data Repository (http://cldr.unicode.org/)."
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

{
  "name": "Advertising Space",
  "description": "Each token represents a unique Ad space in the city.",
  "localization": {
    "uri": "ipfs://QmWS1VAdMD353A6SDk9wNyvkT14kyCiZrNDYAad4w1tKqT/{locale}.json",
    "default": "en",
    "locales": ["en", "es", "fr", "ja"]
  }
}

{
  "name": "Espacio Publicitario",
  "description": "Cada token representa un espacio publicitario único en la ciudad."
}

{
  "name": "Espace Publicitaire",
  "description": "Chaque jeton représente un espace publicitaire unique dans la ville."
}

{
  "name": "Espace Publicitaire",
  "description": "それぞれのトークンは、街で唯一の広告スペースを表しています。"
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (token/ERC1155/IERC1155.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Required interface of an ERC1155 compliant contract, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155[EIP].
 *
 * _Available since v3.1._
 */
interface IERC1155 is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens of token type `id` are transferred from `from` to `to` by `operator`.
     */
    event TransferSingle(address indexed operator, address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 id, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Equivalent to multiple {TransferSingle} events, where `operator`, `from` and `to` are the same for all
     * transfers.
     */
    event TransferBatch(
        address indexed operator,
        address indexed from,
        address indexed to,
        uint256[] ids,
        uint256[] values
    );

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` grants or revokes permission to `operator` to transfer their tokens, according to
     * `approved`.
     */
    event ApprovalForAll(address indexed account, address indexed operator, bool approved);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the URI for token type `id` changes to `value`, if it is a non-programmatic URI.
     *
     * If an {URI} event was emitted for `id`, the standard
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155#metadata-extensions[guarantees] that `value` will equal the value
     * returned by {IERC1155MetadataURI-uri}.
     */
    event URI(string value, uint256 indexed id);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens of token type `id` owned by `account`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account, uint256 id) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {balanceOf}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `accounts` and `ids` must have the same length.
     */
    function balanceOfBatch(
        address[] calldata accounts,
        uint256[] calldata ids
    ) external view returns (uint256[] memory);

    /**
     * @dev Grants or revokes permission to `operator` to transfer the caller's tokens, according to `approved`,
     *
     * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `operator` cannot be the caller.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `operator` is approved to transfer ``account``'s tokens.
     *
     * See {setApprovalForAll}.
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address account, address operator) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Transfers `amount` tokens of token type `id` from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must have been approved to spend ``from``'s tokens via {setApprovalForAll}.
     * - `from` must have a balance of tokens of type `id` of at least `amount`.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155Received} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 id, uint256 amount, bytes calldata data) external;

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {safeTransferFrom}.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferBatch} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `ids` and `amounts` must have the same length.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155BatchReceived} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function safeBatchTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] calldata ids,
        uint256[] calldata amounts,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (token/ERC1155/IERC1155Receiver.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev _Available since v3.1._
 */
interface IERC1155Receiver is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Handles the receipt of a single ERC1155 token type. This function is
     * called at the end of a `safeTransferFrom` after the balance has been updated.
     *
     * NOTE: To accept the transfer, this must return
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155Received(address,address,uint256,uint256,bytes)"))`
     * (i.e. 0xf23a6e61, or its own function selector).
     *
     * @param operator The address which initiated the transfer (i.e. msg.sender)
     * @param from The address which previously owned the token
     * @param id The ID of the token being transferred
     * @param value The amount of tokens being transferred
     * @param data Additional data with no specified format
     * @return `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155Received(address,address,uint256,uint256,bytes)"))` if transfer is allowed
     */
    function onERC1155Received(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 value,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4);

    /**
     * @dev Handles the receipt of a multiple ERC1155 token types. This function
     * is called at the end of a `safeBatchTransferFrom` after the balances have
     * been updated.
     *
     * NOTE: To accept the transfer(s), this must return
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155BatchReceived(address,address,uint256[],uint256[],bytes)"))`
     * (i.e. 0xbc197c81, or its own function selector).
     *
     * @param operator The address which initiated the batch transfer (i.e. msg.sender)
     * @param from The address which previously owned the token
     * @param ids An array containing ids of each token being transferred (order and length must match values array)
     * @param values An array containing amounts of each token being transferred (order and length must match ids array)
     * @param data Additional data with no specified format
     * @return `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155BatchReceived(address,address,uint256[],uint256[],bytes)"))` if transfer is allowed
     */
    function onERC1155BatchReceived(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256[] calldata ids,
        uint256[] calldata values,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4);
}

// Mapping from token ID to account balances
mapping(uint256 => mapping(address => uint256)) private _balances;

// Mapping from account to operator approvals
mapping(address => mapping(address => bool)) private _operatorApprovals;

// Used as the URI for all token types by relying on ID substitution, e.g. https://token-cdn-domain/{id}.json
string private _uri;

constructor(string memory uri_) {
    _setURI(uri_);
}

function _setURI(string memory newuri) internal virtual {
    _uri = newuri;
}

function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override(ERC165, IERC165) returns (bool) {
    return
        interfaceId == type(IERC1155).interfaceId ||
        interfaceId == type(IERC1155MetadataURI).interfaceId ||
        super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
}

function uri(uint256) public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
    return _uri;
}

function balanceOf(address account, uint256 id) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
    require(account != address(0), "ERC1155: address zero is not a valid owner");
    return _balances[id][account];
}

function balanceOfBatch(
    address[] memory accounts,
    uint256[] memory ids
) public view virtual override returns (uint256[] memory) {
    require(accounts.length == ids.length, "ERC1155: accounts and ids length mismatch");

    uint256[] memory batchBalances = new uint256[](accounts.length);

    for (uint256 i = 0; i < accounts.length; ++i) {
        batchBalances[i] = balanceOf(accounts[i], ids[i]);
    }

    return batchBalances;
}

function _setApprovalForAll(address owner, address operator, bool approved) internal virtual {
    require(owner != operator, "ERC1155: setting approval status for self");
    _operatorApprovals[owner][operator] = approved;
    emit ApprovalForAll(owner, operator, approved);
}

function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) public virtual override {
    _setApprovalForAll(_msgSender(), operator, approved);
}

function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
    return msg.sender;
}

function isApprovedForAll(address account, address operator) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
    return _operatorApprovals[account][operator];
}

function _beforeTokenTransfer(
    address operator,
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256[] memory ids,
    uint256[] memory amounts,
    bytes memory data
) internal virtual {}

function _afterTokenTransfer(
    address operator,
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256[] memory ids,
    uint256[] memory amounts,
    bytes memory data
) internal virtual {}

function _asSingletonArray(uint256 element) private pure returns (uint256[] memory) {
    uint256[] memory array = new uint256[](1);
    array[0] = element;

    return array;
}

function _doSafeTransferAcceptanceCheck(
    address operator,
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256 id,
    uint256 amount,
    bytes memory data
) private {
    if (to.isContract()) {
        try IERC1155Receiver(to).onERC1155Received(operator, from, id, amount, data) returns (bytes4 response) {
            if (response != IERC1155Receiver.onERC1155Received.selector) {
                revert("ERC1155: ERC1155Receiver rejected tokens");
            }
        } catch Error(string memory reason) {
            revert(reason);
        } catch {
            revert("ERC1155: transfer to non-ERC1155Receiver implementer");
        }
    }
}

function _safeTransferFrom(
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256 id,
    uint256 amount,
    bytes memory data
) internal virtual {
    require(to != address(0), "ERC1155: transfer to the zero address");

    address operator = _msgSender();
    uint256[] memory ids = _asSingletonArray(id);
    uint256[] memory amounts = _asSingletonArray(amount);

    _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);

    uint256 fromBalance = _balances[id][from];
    require(fromBalance >= amount, "ERC1155: insufficient balance for transfer");
    unchecked {
        _balances[id][from] = fromBalance - amount;
    }
    _balances[id][to] += amount;

    emit TransferSingle(operator, from, to, id, amount);

    _afterTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);

    _doSafeTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, from, to, id, amount, data);
}

function safeTransferFrom(
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256 id,
    uint256 amount,
    bytes memory data
) public virtual override {
    require(
        from == _msgSender() || isApprovedForAll(from, _msgSender()),
        "ERC1155: caller is not token owner or approved"
    );
    _safeTransferFrom(from, to, id, amount, data);
}

function _doSafeBatchTransferAcceptanceCheck(
    address operator,
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256[] memory ids,
    uint256[] memory amounts,
    bytes memory data
) private {
    if (to.isContract()) {
        try IERC1155Receiver(to).onERC1155BatchReceived(operator, from, ids, amounts, data) returns (
            bytes4 response
        ) {
            if (response != IERC1155Receiver.onERC1155BatchReceived.selector) {
                revert("ERC1155: ERC1155Receiver rejected tokens");
            }
        } catch Error(string memory reason) {
            revert(reason);
        } catch {
            revert("ERC1155: transfer to non-ERC1155Receiver implementer");
        }
    }
}

function _safeBatchTransferFrom(
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256[] memory ids,
    uint256[] memory amounts,
    bytes memory data
) internal virtual {
    require(ids.length == amounts.length, "ERC1155: ids and amounts length mismatch");
    require(to != address(0), "ERC1155: transfer to the zero address");

    address operator = _msgSender();

    _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);

    for (uint256 i = 0; i < ids.length; ++i) {
        uint256 id = ids[i];
        uint256 amount = amounts[i];

        uint256 fromBalance = _balances[id][from];
        require(fromBalance >= amount, "ERC1155: insufficient balance for transfer");
        unchecked {
            _balances[id][from] = fromBalance - amount;
        }
        _balances[id][to] += amount;
    }

    emit TransferBatch(operator, from, to, ids, amounts);

    _afterTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);

    _doSafeBatchTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);
}

function safeBatchTransferFrom(
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256[] memory ids,
    uint256[] memory amounts,
    bytes memory data
) public virtual override {
    require(
        from == _msgSender() || isApprovedForAll(from, _msgSender()),
        "ERC1155: caller is not token owner or approved"
    );
    _safeBatchTransferFrom(from, to, ids, amounts, data);
}

function _mint(address to, uint256 id, uint256 amount, bytes memory data) internal virtual {
    require(to != address(0), "ERC1155: mint to the zero address");

    address operator = _msgSender();
    uint256[] memory ids = _asSingletonArray(id);
    uint256[] memory amounts = _asSingletonArray(amount);

    _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts, data);

    _balances[id][to] += amount;
    emit TransferSingle(operator, address(0), to, id, amount);

    _afterTokenTransfer(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts, data);

    _doSafeTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, address(0), to, id, amount, data);
}

require(to != address(0), "ERC1155: mint to the zero address");

address operator = _msgSender();
uint256[] memory ids = _asSingletonArray(id);
uint256[] memory amounts = _asSingletonArray(amount);

_beforeTokenTransfer(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts, data);

_balances[id][to] += amount;
emit TransferSingle(operator, address(0), to, id, amount);

_afterTokenTransfer(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts, data);

_doSafeTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, address(0), to, id, amount, data);

function _mintBatch(
    address to,
    uint256[] memory ids,
    uint256[] memory amounts,
    bytes memory data
) internal virtual {
    require(to != address(0), "ERC1155: mint to the zero address");
    require(ids.length == amounts.length, "ERC1155: ids and amounts length mismatch");

    address operator = _msgSender();

    _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts, data);

    for (uint256 i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
        _balances[ids[i]][to] += amounts[i];
    }

    emit TransferBatch(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts);

    _afterTokenTransfer(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts, data);

    _doSafeBatchTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts, data);
}

function _burn(address from, uint256 id, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
    require(from != address(0), "ERC1155: burn from the zero address");

    address operator = _msgSender();
    uint256[] memory ids = _asSingletonArray(id);
    uint256[] memory amounts = _asSingletonArray(amount);

    _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, address(0), ids, amounts, "");

    uint256 fromBalance = _balances[id][from];
    require(fromBalance >= amount, "ERC1155: burn amount exceeds balance");
    unchecked {
        _balances[id][from] = fromBalance - amount;
    }

    emit TransferSingle(operator, from, address(0), id, amount);

    _afterTokenTransfer(operator, from, address(0), ids, amounts, "");
}

function _burnBatch(address from, uint256[] memory ids, uint256[] memory amounts) internal virtual {
    require(from != address(0), "ERC1155: burn from the zero address");
    require(ids.length == amounts.length, "ERC1155: ids and amounts length mismatch");

    address operator = _msgSender();

    _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, address(0), ids, amounts, "");

    for (uint256 i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
        uint256 id = ids[i];
        uint256 amount = amounts[i];

        uint256 fromBalance = _balances[id][from];
        require(fromBalance >= amount, "ERC1155: burn amount exceeds balance");
        unchecked {
            _balances[id][from] = fromBalance - amount;
        }
    }

    emit TransferBatch(operator, from, address(0), ids, amounts);

    _afterTokenTransfer(operator, from, address(0), ids, amounts, "");
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.9;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts@4.8.0/token/ERC1155/ERC1155.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts@4.8.0/access/Ownable.sol";

contract CardeneToken is ERC1155, Ownable {

    constructor() ERC1155("https://cardene.net/erc1115/{id}.json") {
        _mint(msg.sender, 0, 10000, "");
        _mint(msg.sender, 1, 1, "");
        _mint(msg.sender, 2, 10**9, "");
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.9;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts@4.8.0/token/ERC1155/ERC1155.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts@4.8.0/access/Ownable.sol";

contract CardeneToken is ERC1155, Ownable {

    constructor() ERC1155("https://cardene.net/erc1115/{id}.json") {
        _mint(msg.sender, 0, 10000, "");
        _mint(msg.sender, 1, 1, "");
        _mint(msg.sender, 2, 10**9, "");
    }
}